When were spectacles invented?
Around 1270-1285 AD, probably in Northern Italy. For a more in-depth discussion as to why we can't be any more precise see our authoritative page on the invention of spectacles.
"Thank you so much for your reply and information."
Optometrist, California, USA, August 2007
Didn't Marco Polo observe spectacles being worn in China?
No he didn't. Despite the claims in many secondary sources there is no mention of spectacles anywhere in Marco Polo's account of his travels. The Chinese did, however, pioneer techniques of lens grinding that may have assisted the early European spectacle-makers.
"Though my interests may be more narrow, I found ALL of your site to be very interesting."
Military Re-enactor, Indiana, USA, July 2004
What are the oldest surviving spectacles?
An incomplete pair of rivet spectacles discovered under the floorboards of a German convent have been dated to circa 1400 AD. In 2000 a complete pair, probably of very early date, was excavated in the Dutch town of Bergen-op-Zoom. This pair has now been restored but is still undergoing scientific evaluation. A fifteenth century pair of spectacles (c.1440) was found near the banks of the Thames at Trig Lane in 1974 and is in the ownership of the Museum of London.
"My deepest and sincerest gratitude for your stirling scholarship
on the historical details of E_ P_."
Professor, Melbourne, Australia, June 2007
Can you identify/date my old spectacles?
We're always willing to try. Send us a photograph or transmit a digital image by e-mail and we'll do our best to help you. Include a note of any lettering or markings on the sides or bridge and some approximate dimensions. We can also comment upon other optical devices, ophthalmic instruments, cameras, contact lenses, eyebaths, artificial eyes etc. We regret we cannot offer valuations.
"Really useful for research."
Novelist, London SW4, April 2006
Do you want my old spectacles/instruments?
We are still collecting though new acquisitions derive mainly from gifts these days. Only rarely are we in position to purchase an item. If alerting us to an item you think might interest us please take time to compile a proper description so that we can make an informed decision. When making us a gift you transfer legal title to us and relinquish all further rights over the object(s). For our part we undertake to store and preserve all new acquisitions in perpetuity and will always record the details of the source of the donation. We cannot, however, undertake to display all donated items at all times (if at all) or accept gifts with conditions attached.
"If only University staff were half as helpful!!!"
Postgraduate Design Student, Merseyside, January 2003
Can I visit the museum?
Yes, anyone can visit the museum or request to view items from the reserve collections, but unlike many museums you do have to book an appointment in advance. All visits are supervised so you can request a guided tour, even if you're on your own. You can find out more about visiting the museum including opening hours and booking arrangements.
"Just to say thank you for showing me the picture and also the very interesting tour of your collection."
Artist's descendant, London, May 2007
Tell me about your building!
We are indeed privileged to occupy a Grade II listed structure. It is actually two houses - numbers 41-42 Craven Street. Number 41 is a typical Georgian terraced townhouse c.1730 with alterations dating from circa 1792 (when the top floor was raised). It is the only house in Craven Street with segmental window arches. The street was laid out by Flitcroft as part of the Craven family's development of their Brewhouse estate, but neglect and wartime bombing brought about a decline in status. In the 1980s the block was renovated by Tarmac PLC and No 42 Craven Street is almost completely new.
"The information you supplied was fascinating"
SG, Levenshulme, Manchester, February 2003