This paper reviews the current visual acuity standards for UK drivers. These standards have changed in recent years such that car drivers (Group 1) now have two standards to meet: reading a number plate at 20m, and achieving an acuity of 6/12. In the light of these changes, research investigating the effect of uncorrected refractive error and simulated cataract on the ability to meet the visual standards is reviewed, as is the effect of reduced contrast sensitivity on driving. On the basis of these findings, recommendations are made for optometrists regarding how to assess acuity in drivers, and how to use this information when advising patients on their visual fitness to drive.