In England, unless clinical circumstances indicate that urgent or emergency referral is indicated, patients should have referral filtering before they are referred to the HES. For these non-urgent patients, you should only refer without referral filtering if there are no such local arrangements. Referral filtering is where the patient has additional tests done. These may be repeat measures, referral refinement or enhanced case finding.¹⁰⁶ In Scotland you should follow SIGN guidelines.