What are corneal abrasions?

Abrasions of the cornea (the clear window of the eye) are common, being usually caused by a minor accidental injury, for example by a finger, mascara brush or contact lens, or by a speck of foreign matter under the upper eyelid. There are also medical conditions that make abrasions more likely, for example a condition, known as a dystrophy, in which the surface tissue of the cornea (the epithelium) is more delicate than usual; also when the cornea is left exposed by failure of normal blinking, or when its sensitivity to touch is reduced by damage to its nerves, as in diabetes or following shingles of the eye. Corneal abrasion can be very painful as the cornea is one of the most sensitive areas of the body.

How are corneal abrasions managed?

The optometrist will assess the area involved and prescribe treatment accordingly. Surface damage can be seen more easily if a drop of fluorescein, an orange dye, is put into the eye. Anti-inflammatory or antibiotic eye drops are often recommended, depending on the type and size of abrasion. Dilating eye drops are sometimes given to relieve discomfort. 

Corneal abrasions usually heal quickly and completely but if the injury is deeper, or contaminated by foreign material, or possibly infected, referral to an ophthalmologist (eye doctor) is recommended.